Dive 9: Jaguey Spur
Date: November 9, 2018
Location: Lat: 17.60572°, Lon: -67.27489°
Dive Depth Range: 2,610-2,789 meters (8,560-9,150 feet)


The purpose of Dive 9 was to explore the deep-sea coral and sponge community on an unexplored ridge feature off the southwest coast of Puerto Rico. The dive started on a relatively sharp, sedimented slope and then transitioned into a steep ridge with occasional jagged pinnacles. At least nine different species of deep-sea corals were documented at the site, including black corals, scleractinian corals, pink corals, bamboo corals, and chrysogorgiids. Particularly noteworthy was one very large colony of the precious coral Corallium niobe, as well as several colonies of the gorgonian octocoral Iridogorgia magnispiralis that were between 1-2 meters height. Throughout the dive, we noticed thick stumps covered with ferromanganese crusts, which were presumably the remnants of old coral colonies.

Sponge diversity was quite low at this site and consisted mostly of encrusting or stalked species. Sea cucumbers were common in soft sediment patches along the seafloor. Other echinoderms seen during the dive included five different species of sea stars, one crinoid, and one brittle star. Additionally, we recorded three different species of fish, including two tripod fish and one cusk eel, all of which were seen on soft bottom habitats. We also observed a fair amount of organic and anthropogenic (human-made) debris during the dive, including tree branches, seagrass, bottles, and plastic.

The vast majority of the ocean floor is flat, soft, and featureless. Certain parts of the seafloor where we find ridges, seamounts, and escarpments contain substantial amounts of exposed hard-bottom surfaces. Unlike soft-bottom habitats, rocky substrates can allow for the colonization of many large organisms, including deepwater corals and sponges. These relatively stable rocky habitats allow some of these organisms to grow very old and large. This video from Dive 9 of the expedition shows some of the massive organisms that we find attached to hard, rocky substrates in the Caribbean Sea.

Text contributed by Steve Auscavitch, Temple University.

Video courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Exploring Deep-sea Habitats off Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Download larger version (mp4, 61.5 MB).

 


 

Location of Dive 9 on November 9, 2018.

Location of Dive 9 on November 9, 2018. Download larger version (jpg, 2.2 MB).

The remotely operated vehicle track for Dive 9, shown as a white line. Scale is water depth in meters.

The remotely operated vehicle track for Dive 9, shown as a white line. Scale is water depth in meters. Download larger version (jpg, 300 KB).