The purple holothurian Psychropotes sp. feeds on organic sediment deposits on the rocky substrate. This species has a distinct “sail” over its posterior end. The function of the sail or what the animal uses it for isn’t very clear.

The purple holothurian, Psychropotes sp., feeds on organic sediment deposits on the rocky substrate. This species has a distinct "sail" over its posterior end. The function of the sail or what the animal uses it for isn't very clear. Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Discovering the Deep: Exploring Remote Pacific MPAs. Download larger version (jpg, 1.3 MB).

A rare mollusc, called a monoplacophoran, was observed at ~5771 meters on the hard pavement of a sedimented plateau.

A rare mollusc, called a monoplacophoran, was observed at ~5,771 meters depth on the hard pavement of a sedimented plateau. Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Discovering the Deep: Exploring Remote Pacific MPAs. Download larger version (jpg, 1.5 MB).

Dive 16: Hadal Trough ("Kinono")
March 24, 2017
Access Dive Summary and ROV Data

This was the deepest dive for the expedition, descending to 5,862 meters in a deep trough feature, southwest of the Phoenix Islands. The seafloor was composed of scattered and emplaced rocks coated in manganese iron oxide crust, with brown sediment drape occurring in patches. The sediment appeared more organic rich and darker in color than on the previous dives in the region, speckled with calcareous foram tests. A common theme throughout the dive was the lack of color, both on the steep slope and sedimented ledge at the end of the dive. Much of the taxa lacked tissue pigmentation, which contrasted with the dark color of the seafloor. Scientists observed white anemones, sea cucumbers, brisingids (some with swollen arms indicative of ripe gonadal material), stalked sponges with amphipod associates, comatulid crinoids possibly with eggs, a solitary hydroid, slit shell gastropod, sea pigs, pentagonal brittle star, and a branching bryozoan. Other fauna observed included a large amphipod, red caridean shrimp, carnivorous tunicates, large pink mysid shrimps, fan-shaped xenophyophores, brown globe foraminiferans, a long mud tube with a white polychaete inside, and a cusk eel. Scientists observed some unexpected fauna, including priapulids feeding on the sediment surface, large purple sea cucumbers, and a rare monoplacophoran mollusc. At the end of the dive, along a sedimented plateau composed of hard pavement, was a white sea pen, and the scientists collected the only black coral observed on the dive around 5,775 meters depth. Tomorrow’s dive will be in the vicinity of Carondelet Reef on an unnamed seamount within the Phoenix Islands Protected Area.