Here you can see several groups of bacteria found during this project. The top panel is Halomonas, which is found in sea ice and is probably persisting after being melted out (note the low salinity water it was found in). The two bottom panels are nutrient recyclers. Nitrosopumilus is an archaeon that converts ammonia to nitrite, and Nitrospina is a bacterium that converts nitrite to nitrate, which can be used by phytoplankton for growth.