Primary producers (both corals, with their zooxanthellae algal symbionts, and macroalgae, many of which are calcified, as are the corals) dominant the benthic community near the top of “the wall” on Cuban reefs.
Benthic Community
Image courtesy of Cuba’s Twilight Zone Reefs and Their Regional Connectivity. Download larger version (jpg, 577 KB).

Primary producers (both corals, with their zooxanthellae algal symbionts, and macroalgae, many of which are calcified, as are the corals) dominant the benthic community near the top of “the wall” on Cuban reefs.

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